Numerical
Steam Pipe Heat Loss Saving
Insulation reduces heat loss from 180 kW to 55 kW for 7,000 h/year.
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Numerical
Heat Loss in Blowdown
Blowdown 1,000 kg/h at enthalpy 800 kJ/kg is replaced by feedwater at 120 kJ/kg.
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Evaporation Ratio
Steam generation 9,600 kg/h and fuel consumption 800 kg/h.
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Heating Surface of Smoke Tubes
A boiler has 120 tubes, outside diameter 63.5 mm and effective length 4.5 m.
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Feed Pump Power
Water flow 25 m³/h, total head 350 m and pump efficiency 72%.
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Condensate Recovery Heat Saving
15,000 kg/h condensate returns at 90°C instead of make-up water at 30°C. cp=4.187.
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Actual Air-Fuel Ratio and Excess Air
Fuel 1,000 kg/h, actual air 18,000 kg/h, theoretical air 14 kg/kg fuel.
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Chimney Draft
Chimney height is 40 m. Air density 1.20 kg/m³ and flue-gas density 0.85 kg/m³.
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Fuel Saving from Economiser
Economiser saves 3,768,300 kJ/h. Boiler efficiency is 82% and fuel GCV is 40,000 kJ/kg.
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Economiser Heat Recovery
Feedwater flow is 20,000 kg/h and temperature rises by 45°C. cp=4.187 kJ/kg K.
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